Operators

Mathematical operators

Operator	Description	Examples
+	Addition	+4 +z 2 + 3 a + b
-	Subtraction	-4 -b 2 - 5 x - y
**	Exponentiation	2 ** 3 a ** b
*	Multiplication	2 * 3 a * b
/	Division	2 / 3 a / b
%	Modulo	2 % 3 a % b
++	Increment	++a b++
--	Decrement	--a b--

// todo

Increment and decrement support both prefix and postfix on mutable targets

• Variables

• Members

• Indexers

a++
++x.z
arr[n]--

Relational operators

Operator	Description	Examples
<	Less than	a < b
<=	Less than oe equal	a <= b
>	Greater than	a > b
>=	Greater than or equal	a >= b
==	Equal to	a == b
!=	Not equal	a != b
~=	Same to	a ~= b

Less/greater than or equal comparison operators will convert the operands value to number implicitly.

== for strong typed comparison, while ~= converts to the same type.

true == 1    // false
true ~= 1    // true

Logical operators

Operator	Description	Examples
!	Logical NOT	!true !x
&&	Logical AND	true && false a && b
||	Logical OR	true || false a || b

! always gives a Boolean value.

!true    // false
!4       // false
!0       // true

While && and || return the value of the operand, depends on the logic.

4 && 5       // 5
x && y       // x if x is false, otherwise y
true || 7    // 7
a || b       // a if a is true, otherwise b

In logical AND oprator, the right operand will not executed if the left operand is false.

false && getX()   // getX() never executes
some && getX()    // too, if some is false

In logical OR oprator, the right operand will not executed if the left operand is true.

true || getY()    // getY() never executes
some || getY()    // too, if some is true

String concatenation

The operator .. supports you to concatenate two values.

'Hello '..'world'    // Hello world
'ab'..5              // ab5
'xy_'..true          // xy_true

If an operand is not string, it will be converted into string implicitly.

puts true..456    // true456

Bitwise operators

Operator	Description	Examples
~	Bitwise NOT	~5 ~n
|	Bitwise OR	4 | 5 x | y
&	Bitwise AND	4 & 5 x & y
^	Bitwise XOR	4 ^ 5 x ^ y
<<	Shift left	a << b x << 2
>>	Right shift	a >> b x >> 2
>>>	Unsigned right shift	a >>> b x >>> 2

// todo

All bitwise operators will cast your value to integer number implicitly.

~3.14    // -4

Assignments

// todo

Precedence

Precedence	Associativity
. [] () ?. ++ -- (suffix)	Left-to-right
typeof ! - ~ (unary) ++ -- (prefix)	Right-to-left
**	Left-to-right
% * /	Left-to-right
+ -	Left-to-right
<< >>	Left-to-right
< <= > >=	Left-to-right
!=	Left-to-right
==	Left-to-right
&	Left-to-right
^	Left-to-right
|	Left-to-right
&&	Left-to-right
||	Left-to-right
? : (ternary)	Right-to-left
= += -= *= /= ^= &= |= >>= <<=	Right-to-left